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DAMARALAND CENTRAL IGNEOUS COMPLEXES 

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Intruded between 132 and 125 Ma ago, central igneous complexes of the Damaraland Province complement the flood basalts and quartz latites of the Etendeka Field.  The latter eruptives are thought to have been sourced from vents now occupied by some of the central complexes (eg. Messum and maybe Brandberg). 

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BRANDBERG COMPLEX
	View of the Brandberg intrusive complex from the west.  Etendeka lavas in the foreground.		Marginal screen of Etendeka sediments and lavas preserved against the outer contact of the Brandberg complex.
	Another section of the marginal screen of country rock preserved against the outer contact of the Brandberg complex.		The country rock lavas and sediments preserved in the marginal screen retain their stratification, but are completely hornfelsed right at the contact with the Brandberg granites.
	Contact relations are well exposed in the NW portion of the marginal screen, where the radial drainage has cut deep canyons into the flanks of the Brandberg.		Konigstein - the summit of Brandberg is marked with a beacon, and at 2573 m is the highest point in Namibia.
	Impressive rounded boulder oucrops characterise the Brandberg granites, view upstream from the White Lady bushman painting site.
MESSUM COMPLEX
	South-western part of the Messum ring complex, looking W		The Messum complex intrudes a basement of Proterozoic Damara schists overlain by a volcano-sedimentary cover sequence, the Etendeka Group
	South-eastern part of the Messum Complex, looking SW		Looking N across the southern part of the Messum Complex.  The sharp discordant outer contact (point C at bottom of photo) against the country rock is very conspicuous
	Eastern part of the Messum Complex, looking north.		View east from the margin of the Messum Complex towards Brandberg
	Outcrops of Messum Complex, dipping sheets of gabbro in middle distance
OKONJEJE COMPLEX
	Okonjeje Mountain rises as a sharp peak conspicuously above the surrounding terrain.  View east from the slopes of Brandberg.		Okonjeje peak, from Johannesberg, with peaks Korn (left) and Martin (right) in middle distance
	Close up of Okonjeje peak, showing its composite nature with contacts between intrusive units well exposed
SPITSKOP COMPLEX
	Grosse Spitzkoppe, from SE		Gross Spitzkopf, the main and highest peak developed in the Spitzkop granite complex.  View from S.
	Early morning sun hits the Spitzkopf		Desert erosion of the Spitzkop granite generates the spectacular inselberg structure
ERONGO COMPLEX
	Inward dipping volcano-sedimentary Etendeka Group strata form the outer rim of the Erongo structure.  View S along west margin.		Vertical cliffs of Etendeka Group volcanics (mainly basalts) forming an impressive escarpment around the margin of the Erongo structure.
	Parts of the rim escarpment show intrusive relations between the Erongo granite (right) and the Etendeka Group strata (left).		Close up of the rim escarpment showing the horizontal lava flows of the Etendeka Group cut on the right by the Erongo Granite.
	Erongo granite outcrops, Ameib.
	Ondurakorume Peak, as viewed from the top of Etaneno peak looking to the SE		Kalkfeld hills, rising from the plains, as viewed from Etaneno peak looking south
	The Paresis complex builds a low plateau rising above the plains, as viewed from Etaneno peak looking north		Etaneno peak, composed of several varieties of nepheline syenite, viewed from the west
OKORUSU COMPLEX
	Okorusu nepheline syenites in the foreground, with the distant hills forming the SW margin of the complex, composed of fenites and carbonatite		Ridge of very corse-grained nepheline syenites in the NE part of the Okorusu complex
	Very coarse euhedral alkali feldspar tablets show crude preferred orinetation in the foliated syenites of Okorusu		Porphyritic nepheline syenite: large euhedral crystals of nepheline set in a finer grained matrix of white alkali feldspar and dark pyroxene
	Drusy clusters of euhedral cubic fluorite occur throughout the fenites and carbonatites of Okorusu, developed to economic grade